Fig. 9From: Hand/foot splitting and the ‘re-evolution’ of mesopodial skeletal elements during the evolution and radiation of chameleonsDisruption of Bmp signaling during autopod development. Dorsomorphin (LDN193189) at 15 μM was used to disrupt Bmp signaling during whole embryo in vitro culture for 4 days. In the ‘younger’ group of embryos (a-b) collected prior to distal flattening of the digital plate, treatment led to impaired cleft formation. Asterisks highlight reductions in cleft formation relative to controls. b Older embryos collected during the onset of clefting (c-d) had no effect from the LDN193189 treatment over a 4 day growth period (d)Back to article page